INTERNET OF THINGS

The structures that enable the communication of objects with each other are called the Internet of Things (IoT) [11]. The Internet of Things is expected to open up numerous economic opportunities and is considered one of the most promising technologies with great destructive potential [16].

The concept of the Internet of Things was created by a British entrepreneur Kevin Ashton. The idea was formulated in 1999 to describe a system where the material world communicates with computers (data exchange) with ubiquitous sensors. In this approach, not only objects, but also processes, data, people, and even animals or atmospheric phenomena – are treated as a variable, creating a system of everything [3].

In the first decade of the 21st century, the term “internet of things” became popular and it was considered as a technology that enables industries to move from Industry 3.0 to Industry 4.0 by adding information to products and processes in the supply chain [9, 16]. Technically speaking, IoT is a collection of physical artifacts that includes embedded systems of electrical, mechanical, computer, and communication mechanisms that enable internet-based communication and data exchange.